Chain

Sintered Magnets

Sintered NdFeB magnets are the chain's qualified end product for EV motors, defense systems, and electronics. U.S. capacity is scaling from roughly nothing in 2024 toward multiple plants (Fort Worth, Sumter, San Marcos, Stillwater, Durham) under DoD offtake, CHIPS, and DLA procurement — against a 2027 deadline barring Chinese-origin magnet content in defense systems.

Facts on this page last re-verified Aug 11, 2026 — the oldest verification date among its current claims. How we verify.

Stage diagram

The finish line is qualified output, not nameplate: announced U.S. magnet capacity now exceeds 20,000 t/yr across projects, but shipped, customer-qualified product remains a fraction of that. The 2027 DFARS deadline converts qualification speed into a defense-supply constraint — and magnet recycling feeds this stage as its only near-term domestic feedstock hedge.

Materials at this stage: NdFeB Alloy, Sintered NdFeB Magnet, Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock

Facility-line flow trace

Facility / line	Location	Stage and derived state	Input → output
Advanced Magnet Lab Florida PM-Wire sintered NdFeB magnet manufacturing	Melbourne, Florida United States	Magnets Financed	NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
e-VAC Magnetics Sumter Sintered NdFeB permanent magnet production	Sumter, South Carolina United States	Magnets Operating	NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
MP Materials 10X Facility Sintered NdFeB magnet manufacturing (10X campus)	Northlake, Texas United States	Magnets Announced	NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
MP Materials Independence Facility NdPr metal and NdFeB alloy production	Fort Worth, Texas United States	Metals & alloys Operating	NdPr Oxide → NdPr Metal, NdFeB Alloy
MP Materials Independence Facility Sintered NdFeB magnet production	Fort Worth, Texas United States	Magnets Commissioned	NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
Noveon Magnetics San Marcos Sintered NdFeB magnet production with recycled feed	San Marcos, Texas United States	Magnets Operating	Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock, NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
REEcycle Houston Recycling Facility E-waste NdFeB magnet rare earth recovery	Houston, Texas United States	Recycling Financed	Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock → NdPr Oxide, Dysprosium and Terbium Oxides
ReElement Technologies Marion Refining Campus Rare earth elements recycled-feedstocks line	Marion, Indiana United States	Recycling Under construction	Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock → NdPr Oxide, Dysprosium and Terbium Oxides
USA Rare Earth Stillwater Sintered NdFeB magnet production (Phase 1a commercial line; CHIPS-funded expansion)	Stillwater, Oklahoma United States	Magnets Commissioned	NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
USA Rare Earth Stillwater Rare earth metallization and strip-casting (CHIPS-funded, planned)	Stillwater, Oklahoma United States	Metals & alloys Financed	NdPr Oxide → NdFeB Alloy
Vulcan Elements Durham magnet facility Sintered NdFeB magnet manufacturing	Durham, North Carolina United States	Magnets Operating	NdPr Oxide → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
Cyclic Materials Kingston Centre of Excellence and Commercial Hub Kingston commercial Hub (REEPure hydrometallurgical recycling)	Kingston, Ontario Canada	Recycling Under construction	Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock → Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate
Geomega Magnet Recycling Demonstration Plant NdFeB magnet recycling demonstration line	Saint-Hubert (Longueuil), Quebec Canada	Recycling Under construction	Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock → NdPr Oxide
Neo Performance Materials Narva Magnet Plant Sintered NdFeB permanent magnet production (Phase 1A)	Narva, Ida-Viru County Estonia	Magnets Commissioned	NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
Caremag Lacq Rare earth recycling and refining (mixed magnet and concentrate feed)	Lacq, Pyrenees-Atlantiques France	Separation Under construction	Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock, Monazite Concentrate → Dysprosium and Terbium Oxides, NdPr Oxide
MagREEsource Noyarey (MagFactory programme) Magnet-to-magnet recycling and sintered magnet production	Noyarey, Isere France	Recycling Commissioned	Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
Vacuumschmelze Hanau Rare earth magnet alloy production	Hanau, Hesse Germany	Metals & alloys Operating	NdPr Metal → NdFeB Alloy
Vacuumschmelze Hanau Sintered NdFeB permanent magnet production (VACODYM)	Hanau, Hesse Germany	Magnets Operating	NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
Itelyum INSPIREE Ceccano Rare earth recycling from WEEE permanent magnets	Ceccano, Lazio Italy	Recycling Announced	Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock → NdPr Oxide
Aichi Steel magnet operations MAGFINE anisotropic bonded NdFeB magnet production	— Japan	Magnets Operating	NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
Daido Electronics Nakatsugawa NdFeB magnet plant Hot-worked and bonded NdFeB magnet production	Nakatsugawa, Gifu Japan	Magnets Operating	NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
Santoku Kobe rare earth operations Rare earth metal and magnet alloy production	Kobe, Hyogo Japan	Metals & alloys Operating	NdPr Oxide → NdFeB Alloy, NdPr Metal
Shin-Etsu Chemical rare earth magnet operations (Takefu) Sintered NdFeB magnet production	Echizen, Fukui Japan	Magnets Operating	NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
KSM Metals Korean Metals Plant (Ochang) NdFeB strip alloy casting	Ochang Foreign Investment Zone, Cheongju, North Chungcheong (Chungcheongbuk-do) South Korea	Metals & alloys Commissioned	NdPr Metal → NdFeB Alloy
Seongrim Advanced Industry Daegu Magnet Plant NdFeB permanent magnet production	Daegu Technopolis, Hyeonpung, Dalseong-gun, Daegu South Korea	Magnets Operating	NdFeB Alloy → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
HyProMag Tyseley Energy Park HPMS magnet recycling and sintered magnet manufacture	Birmingham, England United Kingdom	Recycling Operating	Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock → Sintered NdFeB Magnet
Ionic Technologies Belfast Demonstration plant - magnet recycling and separation (operating)	Belfast, Northern Ireland United Kingdom	Recycling Operating	Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock → NdPr Oxide, Dysprosium and Terbium Oxides
Ionic Technologies Belfast Commercial magnet recycling plant (announced; pre-FID, not built)	Belfast, Northern Ireland United Kingdom	Recycling Announced	Magnet Scrap and End-of-Life Feedstock → NdPr Oxide, Dysprosium and Terbium Oxides
Less Common Metals Ellesmere Port Strip cast NdFeB alloy production	Ellesmere Port, Cheshire United Kingdom	Metals & alloys Operating	NdPr Metal → NdFeB Alloy

Sources

U.S. Geological Survey · published Jan 1, 2025 · retrieved Aug 11, 2026 · archive
e-VAC Magnetics · published Dec 12, 2025 · retrieved Aug 11, 2026 · archive
Acquisition.gov (Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement) · published May 30, 2024 · retrieved Aug 11, 2026 · archive